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Physicochemical understanding of biomineralization by molecular vibrational spectroscopy: From mechanism to nature

An overview of the biomineralization process from the perspective of molecular vibrational spectroscopy, including the physicochemical properties of biomineralized tissues, from physiological to applied mineralization. Indeed, the clearly defined physicochemical properties of mineral crystals could pave the way for studies on the mechanisms and applications. Abstract: The process and mechanism of biomineralization and relevant physicochemical …

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Achievements and challenges of copper-based single-atom catalysts for the reduction of carbon dioxide to C2+ products

The design strategies of single-atom copper catalysts are briefly summarized and the key factor for their application in industrially electrochemical conversion of CO2 into C2 and C2+ products are pointed out. Abstract: Copper is the only metal that can convert CO2 into C2 and C2+ in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR). However, the Faraday efficiency of CO2 conversion …

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Engineered nanodrug targeting oxidative stress for treatment of acute kidney injury

Engineered nanoparticles targeting oxidative stress have shown promising perspectives in treating acute kidney injury (AKI). By examining the challenges, advancements, and limitations of different studies in this field, this review fills a significant knowledge gap. In addition, it offers valuable insights for future research on engineering nanoparticles to address AKI. Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) …

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Artificial intelligence in breast imaging: Current situation and clinical challenges

This paper provides an overview of the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) in breast imaging, encompassing breast imaging databases, deep learning algorithms, and clinical research. The authors additionally discuss the progress of breast imaging AI through the lens of National Natural Science Foundation of China project proposals. Finally, the authors address the perspectives and …

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Scientific issues of zinc-bromine flow batteries and mitigation strategies

Zinc-bromine flow batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that uses zinc and bromine in the electrolytes to store and release electrical energy. The relatively high energy density and long lifespan make them an ideal choice for grid-scale energy storage applications. Abstract: Zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFBs) are promising candidates for the large-scale stationary energy storage …

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Bioinspired gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering

The difficulty in repairing osteochondral injuries is mainly the complex gradient properties of natural osteochondral structures. This review discusses the development of various osteochondral tissue engineering scaffolds with gradient properties, including pore gradients, composition gradients, and inducing factor gradients, discusses the future research focus of gradient scaffolds and the trend of osteochondral tissue engineering, and …

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The pharmacology and therapeutic role of cannabidiol in diabetes

Schematic illustration of the therapeutic role and drug development of cannabidiol (CBD) for diabetes. This article comprehensively summarizes the pharmacology and therapeutic role of CBD for diabetes and its complications. Furthermore, the strategies for identifying molecular targets of CBD and developing CBD analogues with greater therapeutic potency have been proposed. Abstract: In recent years, cannabidiol …

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Small-molecule nanoprodrug with high drug loading and EGFR, PI3K/AKT dual-inhibiting properties for bladder cancer treatment

Overexpression of the EGFR is found in up to 74% of bladder cancer (BCa) tissue. Two natural products that were found, triptolide (TPL) and hesperidin (HSP), could inhibit EGFR pathways. They are linked together into a prodrug that can form nanoparticles in a water environment, which not only remarkably improved their bioavailability and therapeutic but …

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Biomembrane force probe (BFP): Design, advancements, and recent applications to live-cell mechanobiology

This review provides a thorough examination of the traditional BFP-DFS configurations, highlighting notable progressions such as the introduction of the dual biomembrane force probe (dBFP) and the fluorescence biomembrane force probe (fBFP). The significant contributions of the BFP-DFS to cancer biology, thrombosis, and inflammation are explored, underscoring its potential for unveiling therapeutic insights. Additionally, forthcoming …

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Glucose oxidase-instructed biomineralization of calcium-based biomaterials for biomedical applications

In this review, the state-of-the-art studies on glucose oxidase (GOx)-mineralized calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs) are introduced with an emphasis on their application in various biomedical fields including disease diagnosis, cancer treatment, and diabetes management. The current challenges and future perspectives of GOx-mineralized CaXs are discussed, which is expected to promote further studies on these smart GOx-mineralized …

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