Review Article

A review of Mpox: Biological characteristics, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies

The monkeypox virus (MPXV) has spread to many countries and caused thousands of infections all over the world. This review comprehensively introduces the biology, epidemiological characteristics of MPXV, and clinical manifestations of Mpox. The approaches for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention are also introduced, aiming to improve the general comprehension of Mpox. Abstract: The outbreak of …

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Drug delivery pathways to the central nervous system via the brain glymphatic system circumventing the blood-brain barrier

The discovery of the glymphatic system has opened up a pathway for drug delivery to the brain by circumventing the blood-brain barrier, which can effectively improve drug utilization. The methods of drug delivery through the glymphatic system include intrathecal injection, intranasal injection, and delivery through the meningeal lymphatic vessels. The meningeal lymphatic system and glymphatic …

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Well-defined nanostructures of high entropy alloys for electrocatalysis

This paper summarizes and discusses the synthetic methods used to obtain well-defined HEAs nanostructures (0D nanoparticles, 1D nanowires, 2D nanosheets/nanoplates, 3D nanoporous structures, and other 3D morphologies) for the applications in several typical electrocatalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, alcohol oxidation reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, …

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Wash-free fluorescent tools based on organic molecules: Design principles and biomedical applications

In this review, the design principles for wash-free molecular fluorescent tools are highlighted in four diverse details. Meanwhile, biomedical applications including wash-free fluorescent imaging of organelles, cellular microenvironment, biomacromolecules, and small species, as well as therapy and potential drug delivery, are also emphasized. This review may bring wash-free molecular fluorescent tools to the forefront, as …

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Tau-targeting nanoparticles for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Through review of comprehensive literature and research studies, it is found that tau-targeting nanoparticles may posit beneficial applications to AD therapy. By targeting a key molecular mechanism known to propagate AD pathogenesis, tau-targeting nanoparticles have the potential to facilitate tau tangle clearance, promote synaptic integrity, and prevent excessive neuronal apoptosis. Further research into tau-targeting nanoparticles …

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Advanced electrocatalysts for fuel cells: Evolution of active sites and synergistic properties of catalysts and carrier materials

This review describes the evolution of active sites and synergistic properties of catalysts and support materials. In terms of precious metal catalysts, the effects of coordination and synergistic effects, phase structure, crystal surface engineering, and lattice strain were introduced. In non-precious metal catalysts, carbon-based and M-N-C electrocatalysts are introduced. Special emphasis is placed on the …

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Harnessing stimuli-responsive biomaterials for advanced biomedical applications

The application of physical stimulation biomaterials based on ultrasound, light, electricity, and magnetism in the field of biomedicine is summarized, as electrical stimulation of nerve regeneration, electrical stimulation of skin regeneration, electrical stimulation of bone regeneration, photothermal/photodynamic, ultrasound stimulated tissue repair, ultrasonic controlled release, targeting/controlled release, magnetic stimulation tissue repair. Abstract: Cell behavior is intricately …

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Exploring precision treatments in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: Harnessing the infinite potential of nucleic acid delivery

Within this review, an in-depth exploration of therapeutic nucleic acids and their delivery mechanisms in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is presented. The review encapsulates key elements such as different types of nucleic acid molecules, delivery systems for nucleic acids, and the therapeutic use of nucleic acid delivery for IMIDs. Furthermore, the review delves into the …

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Advancements and challenges in brain cancer therapeutics

The review summarizes various treatment options for brain tumors, focusing on their mechanisms, potential side effects, and recent developments. It emphasizes the need for personalized, multi-modal treatment approaches in this rapidly evolving field, balancing efficacy and patient safety. The complexity and diversity of brain tumor treatments are highlighted, advocating for ongoing research and technological advancements …

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Bioactive scaffolds for tissue engineering: A review of decellularized extracellular matrix applications and innovations

We conducted a critical evaluation of decellularization techniques, quality control, cross-linking, and modification methods for dECM scaffolds derived from different sources. The functional properties of dECM components as well as their recent applications in multi-organ tissue engineering and biomedicine were thoroughly reviewed. This work aims to discuss and summarize the current challenges and limitations of …

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